Note: We will have to look at the examples of English language to understand how the grammar functions in Sanskrit.
Causal verbs
We will take the example of the sentence given below:
नरो गजं गमयति
Naro gajam gamyanti.
The man causes the elephant to go.
Causes, to go. Gamyati.
The root form of gamyati is gam, in the same way that the verb “causes” is the causal form of the word “cause”.
However, this is an example. Now we need to proceed to understand how are the causal verbs formed. Causal verb comes from causal roots after we form causal roots,it becomes easier to produce verbs using normal ending. Look at the table given below to understand the formation of causal root in detail.
शुभ् → शोभयति
śubh → śobhayati
shine → cause to shine
The original vowel has been strengthened.
कृ → कार्
kṛ → kār
do → cause to do
If it is vowel that ends the root, it becomes strong
हस् → हास्
has → hās
smile → cause to smile
If it is vowel that ends the root, it becomes strong
गम् → गम्
gam → gam
go → cause to go
This is an exception to the immediately above-mentioned rule.
स्था → स्थाप्
sthā → sthāp
stand → cause to stand
Original verbs ending on a, will have p at the end when turned into causal verbs.
पा → पाय्
pā → pāy
drink → cause to drink
(With reference to above-mentioned rule) sometimes it will also have y at the end.
Application of causal verbs: Causal verbs can be used whenever the “-aya” class verbs are used, as their roots are the same as “-aya class” parasmaipada roots.
